The Affect on Emotional Intelligence on Effective...

FIT - BUS 5450 Assignment 1: Research Analysis and Proposal The Affect of Emotional Intelligence on Effective Leadership â€Å"Emotional intelligence is the ability to manage one’s own and others’ in order to guide one’s behavior and achieve goals† (Salovey, Mayer, 2005). In simple words, EI is the ability to perceive, control, and evaluate emotions, that is, to regulate your own emotions, and the ability to cheer up or calm down another person. Building on the work of Mayor and Salovey (1997) and others, Goleman (1998) further suggested that there are five critical pillars or competencies of EI, namely self-awareness; self-regulation; self-motivation; social awareness (empathy); and social skills. According to Merriam-Webster website†¦show more content†¦According to the Salovey, Mayer and Caruso four-branch model of emotional intelligence, it is through the establishment of these strong interpersonal relationships that allow for leaders to generate motivation and instill optimism and enthusiasm within his/her followers. Being able to accurately appraise and expre ss emotions ensures the effective communication between individuals and thus provides them with a deeper understanding of the people they work with (Carmeli, 2013, p791). By creating an atmosphere of cooperation and having an improved perception of emotion, followers will be more supportive of a leader’s decisions and thus be more obliged to appreciate and promote the organization’s objectives (Zeidner et al, 2004, p387). The ability to communicate effectively with followers allows a leader to connect on an individual basis and to inspire and share collective visions with the team. Goleman cited in Lam and O’Higgins (2010, p151), â€Å"Empathy†¦ is the fundamental people skill.† showing the concept of ‘social intelligence’ overlapping with that of emotional awareness and the importance of understanding and sympathizing with the concerns, requirements and unspoken feelings of others. As high quality interpersonal relationships significant ly enhance group cohesiveness and collaborationShow MoreRelatedEmotional Intelligence ( Eq )950 Words   |  4 PagesEmotional Intelligence (EQ) can best be described as the ability to identify and manage your own emotions as well as others (Psychology Today). Generically speaking, this definition will suffice, but the more detailed levels of understanding help provide a clearer picture as to what emotional intelligence is. A high level of EQ has a direct correlation with effective leadership because both subjects involve groups of people. Emotional Intelligence can be broken up into five categories, all of whichRead MorePersonal Statement On Emotional Intelligence1593 Words   |  7 Pages Emotional Intelligence Tanveer Vora 1610793 University Canada West Professor: Dr. Michele Vincenti MGMT601 Leadership in the Global Context 16th January 2017 Abstract The paper discusses about the emotional intelligence, which has various factors. The factors are self awareness, motivation, self regulation, social skills and empathy. In case of effective leadership, these factors plays major role. However, emotional intelligence is teachable to improve the personal skills and personality.Read MoreEmotional Intelligence Of Leaders By Daniel Goleman1322 Words   |  6 Pages In Daniel Goleman’s article, â€Å"The emotional intelligence of leaders,† he asserts that emotional intelligence not rational intelligence is what distinguishes exceptional leaders from average leaders. Biologically speaking, feelings and emotions developed in the limbic system before the development of rational thought in the cerebral cortex. Emotional intelligence involves the balance and synergy between the emotional and rational centers of the human brain. Goleman, a psychologist who has writtenRead MoreThe Integration Of Emotional Intelligence Into Healthcare1583 Words   |  7 PagesIntegration of Emotional Intelligence into Healthcare Throughout today’s healthcare industry, many organizations have been constantly striving to stay ahead of the competition. One area of focus has been improvement of the organization’s leaders. In order to create a strong organizational culture and successful healthcare system, effective leadership is needed. It is thought that one major characteristic that aids in the effectiveness of many leaders is the ability to utilize their emotional intelligenceRead MoreEmotional Intelligence : An Effective Leader Needs Essay741 Words   |  3 PagesAccording to Dictionary.com, emotional intelligence is defined as â€Å"skill in perceiving, understanding, and managing emotions and feelings† (dictionary.com). The definition developed by Peter Salovey and John Mayer indicate â€Å"Emotional intelligence is the ability to perceive emotions, to access and generate emotions so as to assist thought, to understand emotions and emotional knowledge, and to reflectively regulate emotions so as to promote emotional and intellectual growth† (Mayer Salovey, 1997)Read MoreLeadership Definitions Of Leadership As A Leader1224 Words   |  5 Pagessituations. The important question is; â€Å"what is leadership?†. Many people question what this term means as it is a fundamental skill which is required in the workforce (Avery, 2004). Leadership definitions have been approached in various ways with many authors relating to the nature of leadership rather than distinctively defining the term itself (Antonakis, Cianciolo, Sternberg, 2004 cited in Northouse, 2014). Many factors contribute to the meaning of leadership; behaviours, influences and theories allRead MoreEmotional Intelligence And Organizational Leadership1445 Words   |  6 PagesEmotional Intelligence and Organizational Leadership Various authors have been debating the issue of emotional intelligence and organizational leadership. However, the existing discourse on the matter has been hampered in terms of limited theoretical applications. Moreover, many analysts have failed to propose effective relationships among constructs, thus failing to offer any meaningful relationship between emotional intelligence and organizational leadership. Nevertheless, many authors offerRead MoreEmotional Intelligence And Psychological Intelligence1493 Words   |  6 Pagescalled â€Å"emotional intelligence† which puts you in tune with not only your emotions but the emotions of others as well. This paper will fully explain â€Å"emotional intelligence† along with examples of the concept, examine the theories of â€Å"emotional intelligence† compared to traditional â€Å"intelligence quotient†, suggest reasons why leaders’ need emotional intelligence in today’s workforce, speculate o n the consequences when leaders do not possess emotional intelligence, explore elements of emotional intelligenceRead MoreThe Impact Of Emotional Intelligence On Leadership999 Words   |  4 PagesThe Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Leadership and Leadership development in the non-profit sector. Gone are the days of intelligence relating only to academia and the testing of the intelligence quotient (IQ). The 21st century brought about the introduction of â€Å"emotional intelligence† as an added skill set in a leader’s tool kit. Essentially, the ability be aware and manage one’s own emotions, the others emotions, and effectively applying that information to guide ones thinking and actionsRead MoreLeadership Styles And Emotional Intelligence1160 Words   |  5 PagesExtremera, 2014; Sadri, 2012). Part of developing effective social skills or intelligence is increasing organizational awareness (Boyatzis, 2011). Organizational awareness is the ability to recognize and comprehend the overt and covert emotional currents as well as power relationship within groups. Leaders with organizational awareness understand the culture and corresponding dynamics (Boyatzis, 2011). Leadership Styles and Emotional Intelligence Leadership can be broken down into two major categories

Teenage Pregnancy A Social Issue - 1551 Words

Teenage pregnancy rates have been declining in the United States, but when compared to pregnancy rates in other industrial countries such as Canada and the United Kingdom they are still relatively high. (Office of Adolescent Health, 2016). Teenage pregnancy is defined by UNICEF, as an adolescent between the ages of thirteen to nineteen becoming pregnant. (UNICEF Malaysia Communications). Teenage pregnancy is viewed as a social issue because of the way it affects a country’s economy, the mother and father’s future, the baby’s quality of life, and the parent’s extended family and community Statistics Over the past twenty years, teenage pregnancy rates have been continuously declining in the United States. According to the Center for Disease†¦show more content†¦(Office of Adolescent Health, 2016). The statistics also show that approximately 77% of teenage pregnancies in the United States were unplanned and that almost sixty percent of teenage pregnancies result in a live birth while almost another thirty percent end in abortion. (Office of Adolescent Health, 2016). Risk Factors Additionally, research has found that there are a variety of factors that are associated with a teenager becoming pregnant. Teenagers who are continuously enrolled in school, get good grades, and participate in after school activities are less likely to become pregnant. Adolescents whose parents were also pregnant during their teenage years and whose highest educational level is a high school degree are also more likely to become pregnant. (Office of Adolescent Health, 2016). The community also has an impact on teenage pregnancy rates, teenagers who live in affluent areas where there are plenty of employment opportunities available are less likely to become pregnant than teenagers who live in poorer neighborhoods where employment opportunities are more scarce or non-existent. (Office of Adolescent Health, 2016). Experiencing abuse, neglect, and being placed in foster care are additional factors that have been associated with increased teenage pregnancy risk. Research has shown that for teenagers who experienced poverty, 16.8% percent became pregnant before they reachedShow MoreRelatedTeenage Pregnancy And Teen Pregnancy1546 Words   |  7 PagesTeenage pregnancy is pregnancy in human females under the age of 20 at the time that the pregnancy ends. Low-income communities have the highest teenage pregnancy rates in the United States. Because of the fact that this is a very controversial issue in the United States, it is very important that most questions be addressed. Questions like, why is a teenage girl in Mississippi four times as likely to give birth as a teenage girl in New Hampshire? Or why is the teen birth rate in Massachusetts 19Read MoreEffects Of Teen Pregnancy On Teenage Pregnancy1620 Words   |  7 PagesServices). Teenage females associated with childbearing expose themselves to many risks and negative effects that can affect their future. Females result with many consequences due to teenage pregnancy. This paper will strictly focus on the effects females experience through teenage pregnancy. The reader will be able to develop an overall understanding of the causes of teen pregnancy. Also, the reader will be able to distinguish the psychosocial effects on the girl during adolescent pregnancy. The readerRead MoreA New Zealand Health Issue : Teen Pregnancies1404 Words   |  6 PagesAnalyse a New Z ealand health issue: Teen Pregnancies A health issue is something that affects the well-being of groups or populations in a way that causes (public) concern. In this report I will be discussing why teenage pregnancy is a health issue in New Zealand and how it links to all the determinants of health which are influenced from teen pregnancy and parenthood. I am going to be discussing three determinants of health, these being; cultural, economic and social determinants of health. I willRead MoreThe Socio Economic Factors Of Teenage Pregnancy1517 Words   |  7 PagesTeenage pregnancy is normally identified as deprived life choice, for example, tasks of teenage parenting have long-term impact on the mental health of the mother and children (Statistics New Zealand, 2003). It is important to identify the socio economic factors of teenage pregnancy to lower the chances of mental health problems in young mothers. In this paper the aim is to analyse the main socio economic factors of teenage pregnancy and discuss how it affects the mental health of an adolescent motherRead MoreTeen Pregnancy Essay1667 Words   |  7 PagesTeenage pregnancy has long been acknowledged as an important health, social and economic problem in the United States, one that creates hardships for women and families and threatens the health and well-being of women and their infants. Unintended pregnancies span across age, race and religion, with a specific negative impact among the teenage population. According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC, 2016) In 2015, a total of 229,715 babies were born to women aged 15–19 years, for a birth rateRead MoreTeen Pregnancy Causes Serious Physical And Emotional Problems1369 Words   |  6 Pages Teen pregnancy causes serious physical and emotional problems for adolescent mothers, therefore there should be steps taken to prevent such things from happening. I have a close friend who got pregnant at the age of fifteen. It was a mega crisis for her and her baby. It caused a heartbreaking feud between my friend and her parents, as well as her schooling, leading her to drop out of high school. The emotional stress she gained was harming her body. The baby’s father wanted nothing to do with theRead MoreTeenage Moms That Are Still In High School Get Pregnant1391 Words   |  6 PagesTeenage moms that are still in high school get pregnant at a young age, and are not able to support themselves or their child. There were just under a quarter million pregnancies in women ages fifteen to nineteen in 2014. About eighty-five percent of these pregnancies are unplanned, which in any population can increase the risk for problems. The biggest risk for teen mothers is delaying prenatal care or worse, about seven percent received no care at all. According to CDC, In 2014, almost 250,000Read MoreEssay about Sample Research Proposal on Teenage Pregnancy1172 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Sample Research Proposal on Teenage Pregnancy    Introduction This research proposal implies on teenage pregnancy and its effect on academic progression. There will be association between teenage pregnancy and academic progression places evidence that education should put weight on reality adhering to teenage pregnancy. Understanding teenage pregnancy within UK context is adamant to the purpose of study. Thus, the expectation that teenage pregnancy will be reduced by proper academic programsRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy in City of Los Angeles644 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Teenage Pregnancy 2 Running head: Teenage Pregnancy 1 Teenage Pregnancy in City of Los Angeles Teenage Pregnancy in City of Los Angeles This paper casts light upon the health issues related to teenage pregnancy in the city of Los Angeles. Teenage pregnancy is an important issue as it affects multiple aspects of population growth, women health and economic conditions. Los Angeles is situated in the south of state of California, USA. It enjoys significant portion of eminence when rated inRead MoreThe Issue Of Teen Pregnancy1722 Words   |  7 Pagesestablishing her equality and worth in the eyes of her male counterpart. But although she may have broken many barriers and achieved great accomplishments, there are still some deep rooted issues which continue to affect her in a most insidious manner. One of the issues that women face in the United States is teen pregnancy which is still an enormous problem that needs to be addressed. The rates are still higher than they were only a decade ago. Becoming a parent permanently and profoundly alters a teenager

Poetic Sound Devices Essay Example For Students

Poetic Sound Devices Essay Buzz and hum they cry, And so do we Rage, rage, against the dying of the light. Grave men, near death, who see with blinding sight, Toss the glass, boss. The zoo was amazing, especially the lizards and chimpanzees I wish you would mash potatoes in this dish. Examples of Assonance in Literature Assonance is primarily used in poetry in order to add rhythm and music, by adding an internal rhyme to a poem. Let us look at some examples of assonance from literature. Example #1 Try to notice the use of assonance in Robert Frosts poem Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening: He gives his harness bells a shake To ask if there is some mistake. The only other sounds the sweep Of easy wind and downy flake. The woods are lovely, dare and deep. But I have promises to keep, And miles to go before I sleep, And miles to go before I sleep. The underlined bold letters in the above extract are vowels that are repeated to create assonance. Example #2 Assonance sets the mood of a passage in Carl Sandburg Early Moon: Poetry is old, ancient, goes back far. It is among the oldest of living things. So old it is that no man knows how and why the first poems came. Notice how the long vowel o in the above extract helps emphasize the idea of something being old and mysterious. Example #3 The sound of long vowels slows down the pace of a passage and sets an atmosphere that is grave and serious. Look at the following example taken from Corm McCarthy Outer Dark: And stepping softly with her air of blooded ruin about the glade in a frail agony of grace she trailed her rags through dust and ashes, circling the dead fire, the charred billets and chalk bones, the little calcimined ribcage. The repetition of the long vowel in the above passage lays emphasis on the frightening atmosphere that the writer wants to depict. Example #4 Similarly, we notice the use of long vowels in a passage from Dylan Thomas famous poem Do Not Go Gentle into the Good Night: Do not go gentle into that good night, Old age should burn and rave at close of day; Blind eyes could blaze like meteors and be gay, Rage, rage against the dying of the light. The poet deliberately uses assonance in the above lines to slow down the pace of the lines and create a sombreros, as the subject of the poem is death.

Smith Essays - Psychology, To Write Love On Her Arms,

Smith -1- A Friend With Multiple Personalities The variance in personalities can be as massive as an ocean or as microscopic as an atom. Most people think of personalities as distinctive. I have found distinctive does not necessarily describe personalities. Renee is a friend of mine who has a very wide variance in personality. Renee's personality can change within a matter of minutes. She calls me daily with a seemingly innocent conversation. The conversation always starts with simple inquires about the general health of family and friends. Suddenly, as if possessed by some demonic force, she will insult other people that we both know. She says things that I personally know to be untrue. When I try to point out what she is doing, she turns her anger toward me. At any point during a telephone conversation, she can exhibit any one of three different personality aspects. Each of these personality aspects demonstrates individual distinctions. One person can have multiple personalities. In fact, my friend has three aspects of her pers onality. The three are the friend forever, the crybaby, and the rattlesnake personalities. The friend forever personality is the one with which I am most familiar. When she displays this personality, she concerns herself with others, she is willing to help out, and she always has a dry shoulder to loan for crying. Renee so easily fits into this category. Most days, she is a very loving and caring individual. She concerns herself with the welfare of others. While in this personality, Renee goes out of her way to call Smith -2- and inquire about the health of others. She offers her help in any situation. She may not be physically able to change a flat tire for a person, but she will hold the light so the person can see how to change the tire for themself. Renee always has a dry shoulder on which someone can cry without invitation. She will listen to a friend's problem for hours without complaint. Renee is the type person who will go to the ends of the Earth for a friend. However, this is only one of Renee's personalities. Unfortunately, she has more than one from which to choose. The crybaby personality is another of my friend's multiple personalities. This personality is the one I find most confusing. When Renee is in her crybaby modality, she is unsatisfied and depressed, and she complains about everything. I have never seen my friend satisfied when she was being a crybaby. She can be a fifty percent winner of the lottery, and she obsesses over the fact that she is not the sole winner. Renee is a very depressed person. She often cries without rationale. When Renee is being a crybaby, she complains about everything in life. Someone can offer her a job making millions of dollars per day, and she will complain about the drive to work. My friend is not always a crybaby. Sometimes she is worse. The rattlesnake is the least desirable of Renee's personalities. She is a real demon with this personality. Renee routinely insults others, acts superior, and starts rumors. Renee insults other people for spite. She makes objectionable remarks about their appearance or disposition. She goes out of her way to tell a complete stranger their clothes don't match. Renee acts superior towards others. She acts pompous toward a Smith -3- person who has been her friend for years. While in public, she will snob an old friend. Renee starts rumors without remorse. She tells complete lies about other individuals just to see how much trouble she can cause. She calls the police and tells them someone has stolen her jewelry while the jewelry is still on her person. Each personality has its own distinctions. If Renee has more than one aspect to her personality, is it possible that we all have multiple aspects to our personalities? We should all take the time to think about our actions. Someone just may be watching. The someone who might be watching may be inside of us.

Sensory Evaluation of Sweet Potato Cookies Essays

Sensory Evaluation of Sweet Potato Cookies Essays Sensory Evaluation of Sweet Potato Cookies Essay Sensory Evaluation of Sweet Potato Cookies Essay Data in sensory evaluation were analyzed using Friedman Two-way Analysis of Variance and data on the proximate composition of the control and the most acceptable treatment were analyzed using independent t -test. Results of the study were summarized as follows The result of the sensory evaluation of sweet potato cookies in terms of appearance. Treatment 2 and treatment 3 got the highest mean of 3. 75 with corresponding mean ranks of 3. 48 and 3. 35 respectively were comparable and quantitatively described as appealing. Treatment 5 was found to be the least among treatments in terms of mean rating and rated as interdepartmentally. In terms of odor, the comparison of mean ranks further indicates that the most superior among treatments was Treatment 1 (all purpose flour), quantitatively described as very pleasant. In terms f taste, all treatments were similar, quantitatively described as tasty. In terms of texture, Treatment 1 (control) was ranked the lowest among Treatments and rated as slightly coarse and Treatment 3 ranked as highest, quantitatively described as fine. N terms of general acceptability, Treatment 5 was significantly ranked the lowest among Treatments and it was rated as like moderately. Treatment 3, was found to be the most acceptable among Treatments. In terms of proximate composition, the result of analysis in terms of protein content in control was 9. 37% and in the most acceptable treatment was. 4%; the result revealed that the control has the highest protein content. In terms of crude fat, the most acceptable treatment got the highest mean value of 21. 015 compare to control with the 16. 90, this indicate that the most acceptable treatment has crude fat significantly higher than that of control. In terms of ash, the most acceptable treatment got the highest mean value of 1. 260 compare to control with 0. 805, this indicate that the most acceptable treatment has an ash significantly higher than that of control. In terms of moisture content, the this indicates that the moisture content between the two treatments could be memorable. In terms of cost analysis , the most acceptable treatment (TO) would cost 426. 16. Conclusion The results on sensory evaluation showed that there was a significant difference in odor and taste. However, in terms of appearance and general acceptability, there was no significant difference found among the Treatments. Thus, it is concluded that the proportion of sweet potato flour that was added in every treatment affects the characteristics of sweet potato cookies but not on appearance and general acceptability. The proximate composition of sweet potato cookies in terms of crude fat, ash and gesture content was significantly higher than control and in terms of protein content; the percentage of control was higher than the most acceptable treatment. Cookies with 50% sweet potato flour and 50% all purpose flour was not that economical but it is more nutritious than a commercialese cookies because it contains high level of fiber and a low gluten cookies. Based on the analysis and results, it is recommended that to conduct crude fiber analysis to determined the fiber content and to developed new products using sweet potato flour like muffins, Jams and as a food thickeners for soups.

The Roaring 1920s

The Roaring 1920s Introduction The roaring 1920’s describes a period in the American history after World War I distinguished by significant socio-cultural changes, organized crimes and the great economic depression. Fashion entered the modern era with the trendy flipper fashion making a significant impression.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Roaring 1920s specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The film and music industry underwent a transformation with the introduction of sound featured films. The dance clubs gained popularity during this epoch often christened ‘the Jazz age.’ The 1920s period was marked with breaking away from traditions caused by the introduction of new fashion and dance. At the same time, the 1920s era was marked by rise in the level of organized crime including the Mob who had much influence in the American society and government coupled with speculative investment that led to decline in stock prices causing a major economic depression. The Icons of the Roaring Twenties The 1920s epoch was characterized by a flourishing nightlife in cities such as Chicago with many nightlife establishments hosting popular dance bands, dancing contests and life radiobroadcasts for the audience (Kyvig 2001, 234). However, social evils such as prostitution and gambling flourished at the same time leading to prohibitive drinking laws in major cities. Dancing boomed in the 1920s with many social and ethnic groups attending nightly recreational dance halls popularly known as cabarets. The cabarets were influential to the majority of fashionable middle class. The nightclubs combined fashionable jazz music, public dance halls that hosted dancing competitions, and beer gardens for drinking. The nightlife flourished despite prohibition from the council authorities regulating drinking. Prostitution and gambling arose with the active nightlife The entertainment industry including the film indu stry flourished in the 1920’s with a rise of music stars and motion picture production (O’Neal 2005, 58). The film industry’s relocation to Los Angeles facilitated the rise of Hollywood movie stars who lived luxurious lifestyles and had a lot of fanatical support.Advertising Looking for research paper on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This marked the Golden era of Hollywood. Silent films were predominant in the early twenties but all this changed in 1927 with the introduction of the jazz singer, Al Jolsen. Before then, stars of silent films like Greta Garbo and Charlie Chaplin were the only brilliant entertainers of the early 1920s. Buster Keaton is another comedian star of the silent films before the invention of the talkies that transformed the film industry. The genres of the films included war, romance, biblical stories performed by Cecil Demille and silent comedies. The fashion of the 1920s was marked by the introduction of the flipper fashions, new hairstyles that were a breakaway from the traditional past and the jazz music. The flapper fashion and hairstyles faced resistance from older generation up to 1925 when the new fashion was embraced contributing to significant transformation of the 1920s. The flapper dresses were short, unlike the traditional long Victoria-like dresses. The flappers also wore stockings and makeup unlike the traditional mode of dressing. The Mob in the United States The 1920s saw the rise of organized criminal gangs in the American Society. ‘The American Mafia’, also called the ‘Mob’ arose with the aim of offering protection to the immigrant community without the involvement of the police or local authorities (Dickie 2004, 125). The 1920s National prohibition to regulate drinking gave rise to organized gangs with national and international connections. Enforcement of the prohibition legislation faced opposi tion from notorious gangs such as the Al Capone’s mob of Chicago. The efforts to stop drug smuggling were deterred by organized smugglers with support from corrupt government officials and other international gangs. Stock Market Crash of 1929 The roaring 1920s decade was a period of wealth and economic prosperity especially in the manufacturing industry; for instance, â€Å"the automobile output increased exponentially between 1925 and 1929 period† (Henretta and Brody 2010, 67). Business earnings also increased sharply during this period and the middle-class became wealthier investing in residential homes especially in Florida. However, towards the end of this decade, â€Å"a slump in share prices in New York Stock Exchange led to a major financial crisis that halted the flourishing economy† (Lange 2007, 81).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Roaring 1920s specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This crash is the infamous 1929 ‘Great Depression’ which led to business uncertainty affecting job security of American workers. Because of decline in stock prices, many investors faced financial difficulties that led to shut down of many businesses and resultant mass unemployment. This affected all industries including the then booming film industry. New economic policies developed by the new administration helped to overcome the effects of the great depression. The economic recovery programs; known as the New Deal, allowed the federal government participation in social and economic projects of the citizens. The New Deal led to the establishment of democratic governance that enhanced support for individual and community rights for all citizens. Before the 1929 stock market slump, the stock prices were rising which attracted huge investments. However, speculations over instability of the stock market led to panic selling of the shares causing the prices to go down. Conclusion The decade of 1920s was an era of break away from traditional lifestyles into modernity. Introduction of trendy fashions like flappers, jazz music and musical bands were popular in this era. The film industry underwent a major transformation with the relocation of the movie industry to Hollywood and the innovation of ‘talkies’ in sound films. However, the roaring era faced threats from organized criminal gangs like the Mafia that increased insecurity in cities. In addition, the stock market slumping of 1929 affected the flourishing investment industry affecting the lives of many Americans. Reference List Dickie, John. 2004. Cosa Nostra: A History of the Sicilian Mafia. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Henretta, James, and Brody, David. 2010. America: A Concise History, Volume ll:  Since1877. Fourth Edition. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s.Advertising Looking for research paper on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Kyvig, David E. 2001. Daily Life in the United States, 1920-1939: Decades of Promise   Pain. Westport: Greenwood Press. Lange, Brenda. 2007. Milestones in American History: Stock Market Crash of 1929:  The End of Prosperity. London: Chelsea House. ONeal, Michael J. 2005. America in the 1920s. London: Chelsea House.

You can decide Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

You can decide - Essay Example Therefore over time animals evolve not only physical attributes to be able to catch and devour their prey and avoid being the prey of larger animals, but instinctive behavior patterns as well. In this case the lions take advantage of their similar color to hide in the tall grass. They know they cant conquer the large adult buffalo so they go after the smaller baby who tries unsuccessfully to escape into the river. Two crocodiles seeing a prey of opportunity try to pull the baby into the river but lose out in a tug of war to the more numerous lions. Just as the lions are about to finish off the baby the adults return and with their superior size and horns are able to rescue the still alive baby and fend off the lions. This event shows that while the lions instinctively only successfully attack the baby buffalo, they did not have the foresight to realize the adult buffalo would return to try to rescue their young. Life in the wild for animals is a constant struggle to prey on more vuln erable for food and to avoid being preyed upon themselves. While over time they evolve physical characteristics and instinctive behavior to enhance their survivability, they generally do not develop the intellectual capacity to refrain from a tempting target which could spark effective counterattack. Man has this ability which allows him to evolve to the top of the food chain in spite of potentially more powerful adversaries. Cells are the building blocks of life. As the Cells Alive website states they divide naturally in a newborn producing new cells with minuscule changes in order that their host species of animal is better equipped to survive in their particular environment. These adaptive changes called mitosis occur slowly over hundreds if not thousands of years . A baby is a combination of the mother’s and father’s genes or cell structures and likely there are also small changes that neither parent has. While most cells have specialized

Logical Fallacies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Logical Fallacies - Essay Example ed my friend’s fallacious reasoning by arguing that something does not automatically become right simply because it has always been practiced (Trufant 34). I argued that despite the fact that it may be true that Tobacco has been used for centuries as a medicine by the Indigenous Americans, Europeans and other societies, this does not necessarily justify that Tobacco use is good. On the contrary, it is a proven fact that tobacco is currently one of the largest causes of preventable deaths in the world and millions of tobacco users die each year across the globe from smoking related health conditions. For example, tobacco use is responsible for numerous diseases and long term health problems such as cancer, heart condition, respiratory diseases, as well as premature death. In addition, billions of dollars are currently being lost each year from the loss of productivity that results from smoking related deaths as well as in terms of the expenses incurred in the treatment of diseases and conditions associated with tobacco use. Finally, recent studies have also pointed out that tobacco use may significantly undermine the health of non smoke rs through passive smoking. I concluded that the argument that tobacco must be good because it has been used as an indigenous medicine in various cultures for many centuries is not only deceptive and fallacious but is also based on lack of reason since it is not supposed by any evidence. In my opinion, appeal to tradition is a logical fallacy because tradition is not always right. Although the notion that something is good because it has always been done that way may seem superficially sound, and is popular in many debate rounds, traditions can not justify that something is good. The use of tobacco does not automatically become right simply because it has always been traditionally used as an indigenous medicine for medicine. I won the argument. Tradition is not always

Alicia Essay Example for Free

Alicia Essay Alicia she was just a worrier. She said she would feel keyed up and unable to relax. At times it would come and go, and at times it would be constant. She is now afraid to go to a simple dinner party or even go to a restaurant. She stays in bed most days and hardly leaves her house. Thoughts Alicia has are racing and she says it’s hard to let things go. Alicia also has sleeping problems, trouble concentrating, lightheadedness, and worries about everything. I would diagnose Alicia with social anxiety disorder. This is an anxiety disorder in which a person has an excessive and unreasonable fear of social situations. Anxiety arises from a fear of being closely watched, judged, and criticized by others. A person with social anxiety disorder is afraid that they will make mistakes, look bad, and be embarrassed or humiliated in front of others. With this fear, they might not go around social situations at all. Without treatment, social anxiety disorder can negatively interfere with the persons normal daily routine. (MayoClinic,2013) Symptoms of social anxiety disorder can include: avoidance of social situations, anxiety in social situations, confusion, fast heartbeat, tension, and confusion. I will tell Alicia that this is a very common disorder. This disorder is second to depression, and it is more common in adult females than males. There is no known cause, but biological, psychological, and environmental factors may have an influence. Since these symptoms listed above are present, I will evaluate further by by asking questions about Alicia’s medical history and performing a physical exam. No lab tests will be done. If no physical illness is found, I will recommend her to see a psychiatrist or a psychologist. Along with this evaluation and seeing a psychiatrist or a psychologist, the most effective treatment currently is cognitive behavioral therapy or CBT. Medication is also used to help ease the symptoms of social anxiety disorder so that cognitive behavioral therapy is more effective. (MayoClinic,2013) CBT is a guide to make someone’s thoughts more rational and tells them to stop social situations until symptoms subside. Therapy may include real life situations or exposure therapy. The medication that can be used to help with CBT is antidepressants, tranquilizers, and beta blockers. MayoClinic,2013) With good treatment, Alicia can improve and enjoy a more productive life. Mrs. Arthur Mrs. Arthur is constantly afraid of catching cancer from contact with other people. She is particularly afraid of touching people who may have been in hospital where cancer patients have treatment. She tries to avoid touching anyone because they may have touched someone else who has had contact with cancer. Because of this she tries to avoid going out of the house at all. If she does touch someone, she has to wash her hands and her clothes extremely thoroughly, sometimes taking hours. She also insists that her husband and children should take off their clothes and wash themselves thoroughly whenever they come into the house. Her family is becoming increasingly impatient with this. She knows these fears are unrealistic but she cannot seem to stop. I would diagnose Mrs. Arthur with Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). OCD is a type of anxiety disorder that traps people in endless cycles of repetitive thoughts and behaviors. People with OCD are constantly distressed with thoughts, fears, or obsessions they cannot control. The anxiety from these thoughts leads to an urgent need to perform certain rituals or routines. The compulsive rituals are performed in an attempt to prevent the obsessive thoughts or make them go away. (PubMedHelp,2013) Doing the rituals may only temporarily relieve the symptoms. Sometimes the rituals will last hours upon hours and interferes with their normal lifestyle. Symptoms of OCD include: obsessions, compulsions, fears of germs, causing harm, or making mistakes. They will repeatedly bath, shower, or wash their hands. They will also avoid touching things, and repeatedly check things. They may also clean a lot, count things, or do things in a specific order. There is no known cause of OCD but biological and environmental factors may be an influence. There is also no lab test to diagnose OCD. I would clearly diagnose Mrs. Arthur by simply looking at her symptoms and evaluate how much time she spends doing her â€Å"rituals†. OCD can be treated with medications and cognitive behavioral therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy is a therapy to teach people with OCD to confront their fears and reduce anxiety without performing the ritual behaviors. Also called exposure therapy. Medications that can subside symptoms are antidepressants or a serotonin inhibitor. Electroconvulsive therapy or ECT is a therapy that uses electrodes that are attached to the patients head and a series of electric shocks are delivered to the brain, which induce seizures. The seizures cause the release of neurotransmitters in the brain. (PubMedHelp,2013) In the end, it relieves symptoms or treats OCD altogether. In most cases, these treatments can successfully help Mrs. Arthur with her OCD. With ongoing treatment, she can have long term relief from symptoms and gain a normal life again.

The Relational Properties Approach to a Theory of Interpretation :: Gadamer Philosophy Philosophical Essays

The Relational Properties Approach to a Theory of Interpretation ABSTRACT: This paper reexamines the central thesis of Gadamer’s theory of interpretation that objectivity is not a suitable ideal for understanding a text, historical event or cultural phenomenon because there exists no one correct interpretation of such phenomena. Because Gadamer fails to make clear the grounds for this claim, I consider three possible arguments. The first, predominant in the secondary literature, is built on the premise that we cannot surpass our historically situated prejudgments. I reject this argument as insufficient. I also reject a second argument concerning the heuristics of understanding. I then articulate a third argument that the object of understanding changes according to the conditions under which it is grasped. I appeal to the notion of relational properties to make sense of this claim and to defend it against two objections: (i) that it conflates meaning and significance; and (ii) that it is saddled with an indefensible relativism. Gadamer's theory of philosophical hermeneutics amounts to a sustained argument for a view that one might call "anti-objectivism" or "interpretive pluralism." (1) This view holds that in understanding a text, historical event, cultural phenomenon or perhaps anything at all, objectivity is not a suitable ideal because there does not exist any one correct interpretation of the phenomenon under investigation. In Gadamer's words, "understanding is not merely a reproductive but always a productive activity as well" (G 280; E 296); it is a "fusion of horizons" of the past and present, objective and subjective (G 289; E 306). At the same time, Gadamer wants to steer clear of an "anything-goes" relativism. In other words, in Gadamer's view, understanding is a process that invites and even demands a plurality of interpretations, but not at the expense of giving up criteria that distinguish right ones from wrong ones. What exactly are Gadamer's grounds for denying the existence of a uniquely correct interpretation of a text, object, or event? I begin by showing the inadequacy of two arguments for his position. I then turn to a third more promising argument that objectivity is not possible because the object of understanding is not determinate, but rather constituted anew by each act of understanding. My goal in this paper is to provide a fuller justification for the third argument and thereby defend Gadamer's position. I do so by reformulating this third argument in terms of relational properties so as to establish that the knower's situatedness plays, as Gadamer himself insists, a positive, constitutive role in the process of understanding. The Relational Properties Approach to a Theory of Interpretation :: Gadamer Philosophy Philosophical Essays The Relational Properties Approach to a Theory of Interpretation ABSTRACT: This paper reexamines the central thesis of Gadamer’s theory of interpretation that objectivity is not a suitable ideal for understanding a text, historical event or cultural phenomenon because there exists no one correct interpretation of such phenomena. Because Gadamer fails to make clear the grounds for this claim, I consider three possible arguments. The first, predominant in the secondary literature, is built on the premise that we cannot surpass our historically situated prejudgments. I reject this argument as insufficient. I also reject a second argument concerning the heuristics of understanding. I then articulate a third argument that the object of understanding changes according to the conditions under which it is grasped. I appeal to the notion of relational properties to make sense of this claim and to defend it against two objections: (i) that it conflates meaning and significance; and (ii) that it is saddled with an indefensible relativism. Gadamer's theory of philosophical hermeneutics amounts to a sustained argument for a view that one might call "anti-objectivism" or "interpretive pluralism." (1) This view holds that in understanding a text, historical event, cultural phenomenon or perhaps anything at all, objectivity is not a suitable ideal because there does not exist any one correct interpretation of the phenomenon under investigation. In Gadamer's words, "understanding is not merely a reproductive but always a productive activity as well" (G 280; E 296); it is a "fusion of horizons" of the past and present, objective and subjective (G 289; E 306). At the same time, Gadamer wants to steer clear of an "anything-goes" relativism. In other words, in Gadamer's view, understanding is a process that invites and even demands a plurality of interpretations, but not at the expense of giving up criteria that distinguish right ones from wrong ones. What exactly are Gadamer's grounds for denying the existence of a uniquely correct interpretation of a text, object, or event? I begin by showing the inadequacy of two arguments for his position. I then turn to a third more promising argument that objectivity is not possible because the object of understanding is not determinate, but rather constituted anew by each act of understanding. My goal in this paper is to provide a fuller justification for the third argument and thereby defend Gadamer's position. I do so by reformulating this third argument in terms of relational properties so as to establish that the knower's situatedness plays, as Gadamer himself insists, a positive, constitutive role in the process of understanding.

Understanding Fascism

Fascism refers to the political ideology that considers an individual’s, a group’s or a societies’ interest to be subordinate to that of the interests of the state. The objective of such an ideology is to unify the state and its constituents to forego their interests that are often self-serving.At the same time, Payne (27-32) considers it as a counter-movement to liberalism and rose to prominence in Europe in the 1920’s to the 1930’s.   The movement grew with the decline of European states economically and politically and a general loss of faith in the ability of governments to control and stabilize markets because of commercial interests (73-79).It is considered to be the inspiration behind Adolf Hitler’s Nazism and has helped shaped post-war philosophies and doctrines such as Islamofascism, Neo-fascism, Rexism and Social fascism among others and provided a foundation of socio-political reform worldwide particularly in communist and social ist states (120-127).It is critical to understand the significance and impact of fascism not only in countries, movements and governments that adopted its ideologies but also its value to international politics, economics and history (359).Mussolini and FascismAndrea Benito Amilcare Mussolini was named for socialists and reformists Andrea Costa, Benito Juà ¡rez and Amilcare Cipriani. His father, Alessandro was a known social activist and was associated filially and by association to many known social activists of the time.Mussolini’s rise in the Italian Socialist Party can be traced with his editorship of L'Avvenire del Lavoratore in 1909, the subsequent publication of his book titled Il Popolo, reformation and control of the Fasci Italiani di Combattimento and was cemented when he became Italy’s youngest prime minister in history in 1922 (220-229).Fascism was coined by Benito Mussolini on the Italian word â€Å"fascio† which in turn is based on the Latin word â€Å"fasces† which refers to rods packed around an axe. It represented the maxim of standing together versus standing individually.One particular source of doctrine that guided Italian Fascism and consequently fascism in general was based on the 1891 encyclical written by Pope Leo XIII titled Rerum Novarum which also is considered a major basis of modern Catholic teachings. The use of the text, particularly its emphasis on the value of corporatism and labor, and the Romanization of the Roman Empire was used to validate fascism to the public (218-222).Mussolini’s rise to the premiership was an effort on the part of King Victor Emmanuel III to avoid a civil war the abolition of the monarchy similar to France (112). Payne points out that fascism rose from the lack of effectivity of the Italian government to direct the country during the economic and political crisis with the overall decline of Europe as a world power in the turn of the twentieth century (218).The sentime nt was that there was a need for decisive action to solve the country’s problems and bring back its position as a leader in Europe. The motivation was to protect not only Italy’s future but also to preserve its history and culture which was considered under threat because of the social developments in the region.Italian FascismThe development of the Fascism in Italy is credited by Payne to the economic and social conditions after World War I, the Great Depression and the collapse of governments in the European continent for creating the platform and the support for the movement (72-77).At the beginning of his government, there was significant representation in the parliament however Mussolini granted greater representation to his political allies with the objective of developing a totalitarian state with himself as the head. Using fascist ideologies and propaganda, the Fasci di Combattimento was integrated to become part of the Italian army Italy was unified to become a single state under the Acerbo Law as well as the allowed for the liberalization of market, rent and labor unions.Though there were existing opposition to Mussolini that were prompting King Victor’s dismissal of the prime minister, Mussolini was able to maintain power through intimidation and the use of fascist propaganda.

Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) Essay

WHAT IS FAST MOVING CONSUMER GOODS (FMCG)? FMCG (fast moving consumer goods) is a term that is used to refer to those goods which are sold through retail stores. These goods have a short period of shelf life and as such are used up within days, weeks, or months. TOP 7 FAST MOVING CONSUMER GOODS 1. PROCTOR & GAMBLE: Headquartered at Cincinnati in Ohio, United States, Procter and Gamble is a Fortune 500 American multinational company. It was founded in October 31 1837 by William Procter and James Gamble. Its flagship and best selling brand is ARIEL laundry detergent which was launched in 1967. This detergent is available in different variants. The company also manufactures other best selling products that are highly popular around the world. 2. NESTLÉ: Nestle is a Swiss multinational engaged in the production of different food products. It has its presence in more than 100 countries. It produces several top selling products in different food categories. Some of its best selling products are LEAN CUISINE, Maggi, Boost, Kit Kat, Friskies, and Nescafe etc. 3. UNILEVER: Unilever is a multinational engaged in the manufacture of different products like foods, personal grooming products, detergents and beverages etc. This British-Dutch company is the owner of over 400 leading brands in the world out of which 13 are billion dollar brands. One of its top products is  AVIANCE which is a beauty product for women. This product is sold in many countries of Asia, Latin America and the Middle East. 4. COCA-COLA: Coca-Cola Company which is based in Atlanta in Georgia manufactures the world’s most popular soft drink COCA COLA. It was Dr. John S. Pemberton who created this drink in 1886. Coca Cola touched base in every part of the US by 1895. The company began its franchisee operations in 1899 and gradually it opened up bottling plants in every corner of the globe. The universal popularity of Coca Cola is undisputed. The Coca Cola syrup mixed with carbonated water created ripples everywhere and today you can get a Coke in any part of the world. 5. PEPSICO: PepsiCo was created out of the amalgamation of two companies named Pepsi Cola and Frito Lay. The company which was formed in 1965 has its headquarters at Purchase in Harrison New York. It is a Fortune 500 company. PepsiCo is engaged in the manufacture of snack foods (grain based), beverages and other similar products. One of its best known brands is the cola beverage PEPSI-COLA. Created in 1893 its former name was ‘Brad’s Drink’. 6. BRITISH AMERICAN TOBACCO: Another multinational tobacco major is the British American Tobacco company which is the world’s second largest tobacco company. It sells its tobacco products in several top markets across the globe. Many world-famous cigarette brands are manufactured by BAT. One of its top selling cigarette brands is PALL MALL. Some other leading cigarette brands manufactured by the company are Dunhill, Kent, Lucky Strike and Vogue. 7 NOKIA: Nokia is a Finnish multinational engaged primarily in the manufacture of  mobile telephones. The company has its headquarters at Keilaniemi, Espoo which is near Helsinki, the capital of Finland. This mobile communication giant is the largest manufacturer of mobile telephones in the world. Its products are sold in every part of the world. Nokia has launched many innovative mobile systems and almost all its products have been hot sellers.

Analysis Of The Moldau Essays - M Vlast, Vltava, Bedich Smetana

Analysis Of The Moldau Essays - M Vlast, Vltava, Bedich Smetana Analysis Of The Moldau Composer: Bedrich Smetana Work Title: The Moldau Date: 1874-1879 Genre: Symphonic Poem For my first selection of music for this final project I chose The Moldau by Bedrich Smetana. The reason I chose this piece was first, it is a symphonic poem and second, because it perfectly exemplified the use of nationalist style and word painting. The Moldau is a symphonic poem representing Nationalist pride for Smetanas country. It is the second of six symphonic poems from the orchestral piece My Country. A symphonic poem is a one-movement orchestral form that, in this case, suggests a scene. It was written over a five-year span that covered the revolution against Austrian rule. The Moldau is a perfect example of a nationalist song, which is a song of folk pride for ones country. The piece The Moldau represents scenes along the river Moldau in Bohemia. It is here that we see the use of word painting, music expressed as though it were a painting to be seen. It begins as a few streams in the forest flowing into the mighty river, painted with a flute and some clarinets and leading to violins. The journey takes us through a day in the forest where we see hunting, peasants dancing at a wedding, nymphs in the moonlight, the St. Johns Rapids, the Ancient Castle and back to the River theme as the river dies away. It is truly an enchanting piece.

Abstract Thinking (4 Tips for Writing an Abstract)

Abstract Thinking (4 Tips for Writing an Abstract) Abstract Thinking (4 Tips for Writing an Abstract) An abstract is a short summary of a larger work, providing a convenient way for readers to quickly comprehend its contents. This makes abstracts an essential part of academic writing. In fact, students and academics have to write abstracts for everything from funding applications and conference papers to PhD dissertations and textbooks. Learning how to write an effective abstract is, therefore, highly advised. 1. Descriptive or Informative? There are two main kinds of abstract: descriptive and informative. A descriptive abstract briefly describes the subject area and issue addressed by a paper. This may include the aims of the research and methods used, but not the results or conclusions. An informative abstract, meanwhile, should do everything that a descriptive abstract does plus outline any results, conclusions and recommendations made by the author. This makes it like a shortened version of the paper, rather than simply a description. Make sure you know what kind of abstract you’ve been asked to write. As a general rule, descriptive abstracts will be shorter (often no more than 100 words), while informative abstracts can be longer (check your style guide or ask your supervisor if you’re unsure). 2. Keywords You may be asked to provide a list of keywords as well as an abstract. These are important terms used for indexing and searching articles, making them vital to your work being found. Even if you’re not required to provide a list of keywords, including important terminology in your abstract is a good way of making it easier to access via databases and search engines. 3. Keeping it Self-Contained An abstract should be self-contained and tell readers everything they need to know before deciding whether to read a work in full. As such, avoid vague statements that require further explanation or confusing terminology that needs defining. One tip here is to have your abstract checked by someone who hasn’t read your work. If they can understand what your research is about from the abstract, you’re on the right track. If they react like this, however, redrafting might be a good idea. (Photo: LaurMG/wikimedia) 4. The Anatomy of an Abstract The exact content of your abstract will depend on the type of abstract you’ve been asked to write. Nevertheless, we can set out a few questions that a good abstract should answer: Motivations – Why is the research important? Why should the reader be interested? Problem – What problem are you addressing? What is the scope of your argument? Methodology – How do you attempt to solve the problem? Which variables are tested? What kind of data is gathered? Results – What results did you achieve? Is there key data that can be included here? Conclusion – What conclusions are drawn on the basis of the findings? Are any recommendations made as a result? If you touch upon all these factors, while being careful to stick to the word limit, you should end up with a high quality abstract suitable for publication.

In Order to Have a Successful Organisation, the Most Important Thing Essay

In Order to Have a Successful Organisation, the Most Important Thing for Management Is to Get Culture Right - Essay Example Organizational Culture has emerged to be one of the most crucial factors that strongly influence the performance of an organization. In recent years, organizational culture has gained considerable attention from managers because of that it is extremely significant in relation to meeting the industry needs for greater effectiveness and the material and social needs of employees in order to create a constructive work-environment and foster high performance working. Organizations put efforts to develop ‘right kind of culture’, culture with quality’ or a culture of customer service’ and managers most often try to inculcate certain values in their organizations. There are widespread assumptions as better or worse cultures and stronger or weaker cultures and more importantly the ‘right’ kind of culture influence the effectiveness and success factors of the organization (Schein, 2004, p. 7). Organizational culture is the system of shared actions, values and beliefs that are developed and established within an organization and this influence its members to guide and shape their behavior (Schermerhorn, Hunt and Osborn, 2005, p. 436). As McShane and Von Glinow (2004, p. 476) noted, organizational culture refers to a basic pattern of shared values, assumptions and beliefs that are considered to be the right way of thinking and acting on problems and opportunities facing the organization. According to them, organizational culture is the DNA of an organization because it is not only invisible to the naked eye but also a very powerful template or tool that can shape what happens within an organization.... No individuals have same behavior and personality and likewise, organizations also have very different and unique culture, and therefore, organizational culture can also be termed as organization’s personality. People in any organization are considered to be the most valuable, powerful and high-valued assets and therefore utilizing these resources more effectively and strategically seems to be the underlying principle of organizational behaviour. People in an organization may belong to different cultures, social setting and life-style, but when the organization is able to create, design and establish a culture of its own by aligning and integrating the shared values among the people, the organization will also be able to be successful in achieving the goals. Do organizations require forming and structuring a specific culture and getting it right? If managers target better organizational performance, if they look at increased productivity of employees and thus to earn higher pr ofitability, if they would like to achieve high performance working and they like to maintain sustainable competitive advantages, the answer to the above question is certainly ‘yes’. Especially in today’s competitive business environment, complex marketing contexts, complicated technological advancements and in times of globalized economies, managers need to identify the organizational culture, design and structure its features, understand its significances in terms of business opportunities and evaluate its benefits to the business as well. Smircich (1983, p. 344) described that organizations are social instruments that produce goods and services and thus they produce cultural artifacts like rituals, legends and

International human resource Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

International human resource - Essay Example The earlier concept of negotiating with a central trade union and implementing the issues agreed upon in workplace is no longer the norm nowadays. Work councils have been developed, which has similar and dissimilar functions to trade unions (Prahalad and Doz 1987). This essay discusses the functions of work councils, particularly in decision-making and employee participation. It also differentiates work councils from trade unions. This paper focuses on the German work councils and trade unions, so that a particular context will be explored in relation to the concepts of work councils and trade unions. It argues that the German work councils are supporting the social and cooperative model of work relations, which are not antagonistic with trade unions, but may soon lead to the inevitable decay of the latter. This essay discusses the modern-day background to the German system of employment relations, because it is the context of work councils. There are two major perspectives about the present German system of employment relations. The first school of thought stresses that Germany’s employment relations have become more â€Å"corporatist† because of the expansion of liberal welfare and decentralised employment policies (Brenke 2004; Seeleib-Kaiser & Fleckenstein 2007). â€Å"Corporatist† means that the employment system of Germany experiences weaker collective bargaining power, as evident in the lesser number of collective bargaining agreements (Brenke 2004). Moreover, the government also signed laws that liberalised and rationalised the employment relations system. Since the late 1960s, the Labour Promotion Law of 1969 aims to remove â€Å"substandard employment through various instruments of active labour market policy (ALMP)† (Seeleib-Kaiser & Fleckenstein 2007: 429). ALMP seek to offer social services to the unemployed, and help them find jobs. ALMP devices have lesser prevalence, after Germany’s unification, because the sta te decided to focus on making firms more cost-effective (Seeleib-Kaiser & Fleckenstein 2007: 429). The ALMP has then been changed to emphasise employment instead of training and employment standards, which is again a sign of liberalisation policies of the state (Seeleib-Kaiser & Fleckenstein 2007: 429). These articles also asserted that Germany’s state of employment relations is more decentralised and less unionised than in the 1980s (Seeleib-Kaiser & Fleckenstein 2007: 429). The school of thought of the German employment relations system argues that Germany experiments with employment relations system and is becoming more like a mixture of cooperative and social partnership system (Behrens & Jacoby 2004; Berg 2008; Marsden 2008). These sources stress that Germany is developing its own strain of employment relations with industrial relations character (Berg 2008; Brettschneider 2008; Doellgast 2009). Behrens and Jacoby (2004) studied Germany’s most globalised sectors: chemicals, metalworking and construction. Findings showed that each industry developed in relation to the experimentalist ideals and actions of trade unions, as they struggled to expand employment strategies that can progress their interests. Berg (2008) added that Germany is more flexible in many ways, and not standardised in its adaption of plant or industry agreements. These articles supply theoretical and empirical foundations for the evolution of the German employment relation system into something more simultaneously liberal and collective. The new economy

Financing Greece and European Union Economy Article

Financing Greece and European Union Economy - Article Example Reports are that Greece wanted to ask the European Union for the write-off of a large part of its debt, something that the EU was difficult to swallow. This would mean the creditor nations to Greece essentially writing off a large part of its loans. It would solve the problem of the large debt of Greece crippling its ability to finance itself because of having to source funds to pay its loans, among other things. On the other hand, the write-off of the debt undermines the EU by sullying the balance sheet of the nations who had been lending money and providing the resources to try and make the Union work financially. In the integrated economy of the EU, every economy either boosts or drains the whole Union, and the problem of Greece, therefore, affects all countries in the EU. The problem is urgent too, owing to the way the problem of Greece, according to the US, likewise can have a long-term negative effect not just on the EU economy but on the American economy as well (Verlaine and O’Donnell 2015). The problem is that since Greece received aid in 2010 to shore up its economy and to bail it out essentially, the Greek economy has continued to flounder, so much so that since that time the economy has shrunk by 25 percent. Financing its debt, therefore, continues to cripple the already hurting economy, so the Greeks thought of asking the rest of the EU to condone its debt. That being rejected, the Greeks have turned around and asked for a refinancing of its loan essentially. That entails the conversion of its current loans, some of them, into bonds that the other member EU countries can purchase, and whose value is tied to the way the Greek economy performs. This move is the alternative to condoning the debt, and can potentially save Greece from going into default on its loans to the EU and the rest of the world.

Elder Abuse Essay Example for Free

Elder Abuse Essay Elder abuse or elder mistreatment occurs when a person intentionally or unintentionally brings harm to an elder person. It is also when the health and well-being of an elder is negatively affected. In a research done in the United States had shown 700,000 out of 1. 5 million elders are being mistreated. There are different forms of elder abuse varying from – physical abuse, emotional abuse, neglect, financial exploitation, abandonment and a combination of the forms stated earlier. Anyone can be an abuser, even if he/she is a family to the victim; a member of a formal care center (medical staff, caregiver etc. ; and people within the community where the elder belongs. There are no specific characteristics for these abusers; they cannot be solely distinguished from the crowd. However, we can distinguish elderly people who maybe a victim of elderly mistreatment by observing their behaviors, and by observing his/her environment. Literature Review According to the electronic copy of the â€Å"15 Questions Answers About Elder Abuse† from the National Center on Elder Abuse, elderly mistreatment occurs when intended or carelessly actions brought harm to an elder. Abusers have different personalities and reasons for committing abusive actions to elderly people. Then how do we spot an abuser? Specially at times, when the elder being abused is physically or mentally incapable of reporting to the authorities. Some signs that may indicate occurrences of abuse is when there are visible bruises, slap markings, rashes on the victim’s body; change in behavior (fearful, more aggressive etc. ); isolating themselves; lack proper clothing food; refuse medication; poor living quarters and so on. Other signs to look for in the abusers’ personality are whether he/she is an : alcoholic, had history of domestic abuse; mental illness; bad temper; tendency to blame other people; economic pressure and so on. The above mentioned are just a few informative facts to consider when suspecting of elderly abuse occurrences, either by the abuser or victim’s actions. We have to be aware that currently there are no federal laws protecting elders from elderly mistreatment. However, there are state laws which protect the elderly, like the institutional abuse concerning elderly people in nursing homes and the like. There is also the domestic abuse where elderly abuse falls too, abuse happens within the family. An increasing number of states are becoming responsive in enforcing laws protecting the elders. We are reminded too, to do our part as responsible citizens, that when we suspect of elderly abuse we must inform the police or an adult protective service for them to conduct investigations and provide help to the victims. NCEA also suggested ways to decrease the risk of experiencing elder abuse by – staying busy in life and acquiring a strong support from one’s family; living healthy to avoid dependence when getting old and lastly, trust your instincts when things don’t feel right. As a whole, there are actions being done by the government together with various organizations to fight and decrease the level of elder abuse thru awareness programs and elder abuse prevention activities. Methodology My topic is about elderly abuse which is currently happening around the world. It cannot be denied that more and more elders are experiencing it right now. Thus, awareness to the public must be brought regarding the definition of elder abuse, who are the victims and abusers, how to prevent it and how to report a case of elder abuse. It has come to my awareness that there are numerous organizations created to prevent elder abuse and help those who have been victims of it. Though no federal law has been made specifically for elder abuse, there are state laws present to give corresponding actions and solutions to such cases. As a citizen, I had been informed that I can make a difference, that I can help decrease the cases of elder abuse by being attentive to my surroundings and socially responsive when needed, like if I see an instance of elder abuse there are hotlines that I can call. My small gesture of notifying the authorities will start a proper investigation and will help the elder experiencing abuse. Data Analysis I had stated earlier that elder abuse can be done in many forms. I shall further elaborate how elder abuse takes place: . ) Physical Abuse – when force is used to elderly people causing them harm and injury. It may not necessarily mean that the abuser is beating or hurting the elderly victim, instead it may also be in the form of confining the elder in one place or restraining him/her to act freely. 2. ) Emotional Abuse – hurting and offending the elder verbally which may hurt one’s feeling and cause him/her stress. Forms of verbal abuse are yelling to the person, threatening and blaming the person. Examples of non-verbal abuse are when the elder is being ignored, treated carelessly menacingly, and isolated from the society. 3. ) Neglect or Abandonment – when the elder is unable to take proper medication; lives in a poor living condition; actively or passively not being taken good care of; and when he/she does not receive proper care. 4. ) Financial Exploitation – the abuser (either a family member, caregiver or a third person) uses the victim’s possession and money without permission. This occurs when the victim’s credit card and cash are being used by an unauthorized person; forgery of the victim’s signature; identity theft; financially unable to support one’s self; pension checks being stolen and so on. 5. ) Health Care Fraud Abuse – the abusers are from the medical staff either the doctors, nurses, caregivers and health care institutions. This case is present when there is overcharging, overmedication or opposite; kickbacks from referrals and so on. Anyone is capable of committing elder abuse for different reasons. Some of the most common reasons, however are due to financial interests; lack of patience to take care of the elder; short tempered; feeling superior over the elder since the elder can’t fight back or stand from himself; and the way of thinking of the abusers that their actions won’t be known by other people. Results In some instances though, elder abuse is really unintentional such in the cases of caregivers. When they are pushed beyond their limit and are over-whelmed with stress from work and their personal lives. Influence plays an important part as well, on why elder abuse occurs both from the abuser and victims actions. For the victim’s part, he/she may have been an abuser earlier to the people around him/her; has his/her own tendency to physically or verbally abuse people; and has a domestic history of violence in their home. On the abuser’s part, he/she has previous domestic violence involvement; may be due to drugs or alcoholism; short tempered and so on. In the end though, once it has been proven that there had been elder abuse, the abuser may either go to jail and/or pay for damages done to the victim. The victim on the other hand is given proper help to recover. If abusive actions are not recognized from the start, may cause minor to major damages to the victim. But if elder abuse is detected much earlier, it can be prevented and many will not suffer. In a 1992 article published, and re-posted on the internet, the term â€Å"Granny dumping† has been used pertaining to the abandonment of elderly people. This only shows that elder abuse had been present for a long time, and its population has increased over the years. The good thing is that in present years, proper actions and help is offered to the public, thus creating awareness. Discussion Elder Abuse, or earlier known as ‘Granny dumping’ has long been present. In America alone, according to the studies made, a day won’t pass that an elder is not brought to the emergency room because he/she has been abandoned or maltreated. It is a sad fact that not many are aware that elder abuse exists or that they are doing elder abuse by simply yelling at these elders or by disrespecting them. With the rise of nursing homes, these elderly people are becoming more vulnerable since they are exposed and involved with people whom they don’t know at all. When the family of the elder can no longer take care of him/her, they are sent to nursing institutions. Worse, if the family has no financial means they just leave their elder on the streets. There is nothing wrong in being a caregiver, but if you are becoming over-whelmed with your job you can do these things to avoid elder abuse – seek help from friends/family/institutions, take short leaves; find an adult day care program whenever you feel like your stress-out; adopt stress reduction activities; seek emotional help when needed; and maintain a healthy lifestyle for yourself too. There are numerous ways to prevent elder abuse, but it all has to start within the community we belong and by us, being observant of what’s happening in our surrounding. It may start with our uncomfortable feeling how an elder we know or see is being treated, we can speak up and report it to the authorities. It does not mean that these elderly people can no longer stand up for themselves would remain silent and just take the abuses given to them. We must speak up for them. Conclusion It is clear that elder abuse happens worldwide, the focus of my research paper has been in the U. S. alone. What’s even more disappointing is that most common abusers are the family members of the elder, have they forgotten about the times when their parents or their elderly relatives took care of them? However, the actions of these abusers are clearly wrong but they may have their reason for having committed abuse. Abusers or prospective abusers must seek help whether emotional support or medications for them to avoid improper behavior towards the elderly people. Today, awareness to the public about elder abuse is being given importance. Funds are being set aside and donations are being given to help inform the public and save abused elders. The condition in decreasing the number of elder abuse has strengthened and improved. As more volunteers and organizations are willing to help. Add too, the support obtained locally and internationally from political organizations and leaders. Let’s not forget that abusers are also faced with equivalent punishments and fines for their actions. The simplest help everyone can give, is to be socially aware and responsive to one’s surrounding. It’s like watching for each other’s back, and offering help even in the smallest means. Though the authorities are present, the policemen and various organizations, we have to act first before they can proceed and apply proper actions about the abusive cases. Second, we can apply these reminders in our lives: 1. ) listen to our seniors and their caregivers; 2. ) intervene upon suspicion of elder abuse; and 3. ) educate or inform other people about elder abuse. Lastly, how can we protect our elders and ourselves from elder abuse? By arranging our financial and legal affairs, if legal help is required, obtain one. Second, by staying in touch with our friends, family and relatives to decrease our vulnerability to abuse and the like. And we must keep in mind, that all human beings must be treated well; elders, women, men and children must be treated humanely and be given their needs in life such as proper housing, enough food, required medication, proper clothing and care.

ADHD Analysis Essay -- Psychology

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental syndrome of self-control which leads to problems related to attention span, impulse control, and activity level (Barkley). ADHD is considered by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) to be a developmentally inappropriate attention and/or hyperactivity and impulsivity so enveloping and constant as to drastically interfere with the person’s everyday life (Reiff). ADHD is considered a chronic mental disorder that starts early in childhood and follows the individual into adulthood (Connors). The symptoms associated with ADHD usually effect social, educational and occupational functioning throughout multiple settings (Connors). Even though ADHD is considered a widespread mental disorder and had been recognized as a disease for over a decade, many researchers and clinicians still admit that there are many unknown aspects surrounding the disease (Connors). Background: Person: ADHD is on of the most common learning disorders associated with children; the disease explains 30 to 40 percent of all recommendation made to child guidance clinics, pediatric, family and primary care practices (Connors). ADHD is more common in boys than girls, effecting 3-5 percent of the children in the United States (NLM.NIH.gov). Furthermore, this disease additionally accounts for a large portion of referrals in adult treatment (Connors). For the most part those diagnosed with ADHD seemed to have developed the disease through genetic transmission or chemically produced (Wender). Scientists are still in debate about what actually causes ADHD or if the disease can actually be narrowed down to one thing (NIMH.org). Most of the scientific community acknowledges that ADHD has a biologic... ...k: The Rosen Publishing Group, INC. Cherkes-Julkowski, M., Sharp, S. & Stolzenberg, J. (1997). Rethinking attention deficit disorders. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Brookline Books. Conners, C. K. (2006). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: the latest assessment and treatment strategies. Kansas City, MO: Compact Clinicals. Reiff, Micheal I. (2004). ADHD: A complete and authoritative guide. United States: American Academy of Pediatrics. Walker, Ida. (2008). Recreational Ritalin: the not-so-smart drug. Broomall, Pennsylvania: Mason Crest Publishers. Weiss, M., Hwchtman, L.T. & Weiss, G. (1999). ADHD in adulthood: A guide to current theory, diagnosis, and treatment. Baltimore, Maryland: The John Hopkins University Press. Wender, Paul H. (2000). ADHD: Attention-Deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adults. New York, New York: Oxford University Press.

‘Manila amendments’ to the STCW

As examples: The 24 hour period should start at midnight; The 24 hour period should commence at the time a seafarer starts work immediately after having any period of rest of one hour or more; The period should start from the seafarers' first period of work on each calendar day Apparently, such variations in the interpretation can lead to substantial differences in the number of non-conformances detected and recorded, which then may potentially lead to a fatigue and subsequent accidents caused by the related human error factor.In accordance with mentioned above it could be still stated that fatigue is being considered as a significant contributory factor to many incidents in the shipping industry since the policy of monitoring of rest and work hours, that was designed as a very important tool to fght with fatigue, is not effective enough. Moreover, in a real life it creates problems with proper understanding of approach for calculation of rest and work hours, analysis of the workload and real fatigue caused by the Job.And last but not least, existing form of record keeping of hours of work and rest creates a lot f paper work for the crew and Ship managers and take of their times that could be spend for more important issues. In the meantime, the fatigue prevention policy cannot be ideal since measurement of fatigue is extremely difficult due to the large variability of causes.In accordance with Guidance on Fatigue Mitigation and Management there are many ways to categorize tne causes 0T Tatlgue. 10 ensure tnorougnness ana to prov10e good coverage 0T most causes, they have been categorized into 4 general factors: Crew-specific Factors; Management Factors (ashore and aboard ship); Ship-specific Factors; Environmental Factors.Even if all of these factors can be considered with the same weighting coefficient in determination of level of fatigue, the most important factors will be still related to the crew specific factors such as Sleep and Rest, Quality, Quantity a nd Duration of Sleep, Sleep Disorders/Disturbances, Rest Breaks, Biological Clock/Circadian Rhythms, Psychological and Emotional Factors, including stress, Fear, Monotony and Boredom, Health, Diet, Illness, Stress, Skill, knowledge and training as it relates to the Job,Personal problems, Interpersonal relationships, Ingested Chemicals, Alcohol, Drugs (prescription and non-prescription), Caffeine, Age, Shift work and Work Schedules, Workload (mental/physical), Jet Lag, etc. In view of the above stated it should be concluded that matter of fatigue is not only related not only to the shipping industry and consequently prevention of fatigue has been already addressed in other industries, such as aviation for instance.In accordance with the ‘Fatigue in Aviation' of Federal Aviation Administration, causes of atigue can range from boredom to circadian rhythm disruption to heavy physical exertion'. In simple terms, fatigue can be simply defined as wearisomeness, which in most cases ca used by the lack of rest. Weariness, at the same time, may vary even for the crew maintaining the same tasks on different type of ships or in a different area of trading. Thus it seems to be logical that industry must use various methods for ‘measuring fatigue of their workers, but not standardising their hours of work and rest.At the same time modification of existing fatigue prevention policy should be more ocused on implementation of new technical devices in line with the proven objective approach that will not create extra paperwork but will really measure fatigue and improve effectiveness of fatigue prevention. As an example of new methodology for detecting attention lapses or impaired ability of the crew to perform their tasks measuring technique so called Blink Rate (electrooculography) can be considered being good alternative to the current paper exercises.Ponder and Kennedy in their research in 1927 have concluded that blinks are controlled by the central nervous yste m rather than peripheral processes; for this periodic, spontaneous blink, the rate of blinking is closely related to ‘mental tension' of the subject at the time, and that in all probability the movements constitute a kind of relief mechanism whereby nervous energy, otherwise unutilized, passes into a highly facilitated path 0. A. Stern, 1994). There are some other technologies that help to define the level of fatigue at the start o a s ITt or contlnuously tnrougnout task perTormance.In researcn I-atlgue RISK Management in Aviation Maintenance: Current Best Practices and Potential Future Countermeasures, the following technologies are presented as possible systems that facilitate fatigue measurement psychomotor performance tests that are usually installed on a handheld device or and typically measure the person's speed of response to a stimulus. Voice analysis also may be considered as a method to detect fatigue in operational personnel, particularly in settings where verbal co mmunication occurs via radio or telephone.Different monitoring systems for measurement of alertness have been as well developed for the road transport industry, and several odels of vehicles now come equipped with systems designed to detect drowsy drivers. (Hobbs, 2011) Several of technical innovations are already being widely used in different industries and shows possibility to move from paper calculation and bureaucratic approach in fatigue management to innovational and objective approach of fatigue management. History shows that several regulations adopted before in aviation industry later were transferred into the shipping industry to assist in improvement of safety management.

Contemporary Management Essay

The Classical Management approach attempted to apply logic and scientific methods to management of complex organisations, such as factories. It assumed that there was â€Å"one best way† to manage an enterprise. Classical Management comprises three different approaches: Scientific Management, which represents Frederick W Taylor’s work, developed scientific principles of management, focusing on the individual, rather than the team and aimed to improve efficiency through production-line time studies, breaking each job down into its components and designing the quickest and best methods of performing each component. He also encouraged employers to reward productivity. Employees did the physical labour, managers did the planning and organising. According to Taylor, employees were motivated by money. From Taylor’s research emerged time studies, work studies and industrial engineering, making an important contribution to the central procedures of many organisations.  · Bureaucratic Management emerged from the work of Max Weber, who developed an â€Å"ideal model† organisation, hierarchical in structure, governed by a set of impersonal, formal rules and policies. Weber believed this was the most efficient way to organise and govern an enterprise.  · Henri Fayol’s Administrative Management assumed that 14 general principles of management could be applied to any situation or circumstance: 1. division of work 2. authority 3. discipline 4. unity of command 5. unity of direction 6. subordination of individual interest to the common good 7. remuneration 8. centralisation 9. hierarchy 10. order 11. equity 12. stability of staff 13. initiative 14. espirit de corps Fayol divided managerial activities into five functions: planning, organising, commanding, coordinating and controlling. This idea set the basis for many modern management techniques stressing rational central planning. The Human Relations approach, focusing on work relationships as the key to improving workplace productivity, was inspired by the Hawthorne studies performed by Elton Mayo and Fritz Roethlisberger. They studied the effects of physical working conditions on employee productivity and fatigue. These studies suggested that leaders are able to positively influence employee motivation and productivity by showing concern for employee relationships. Mayo discovered that a work group would establish its own informal group performance norm, which represented what it considered to be a fair level of performance. The work group would convince ratebusters to slow down and slackers to work faster. Mayo’s conclusion that â€Å"work is a group activity† had a profound influence on modern individual management. Two key aspects of the human relations approach are employee motivation and leadership style. Pay can motivate only lower level needs and once those are satisfied, non-monetary factors such as praise, recognition, and job characteristics motivate human behaviour. Fayol’s Management approach emphasised maximum efficiency and productivity through standard operating procedures; viewed money as the one true motivator for workers; stressed the need for managerial control; and viewed organisations as machines. Taylor’s Scientific approach over-simplified the issues, emphasised the individual rather than the team and was hostile to trade unions and labour organisations. Whereas Fayol and Taylor both emphasised the production process and adjusted humans to this process, Mayo’s Human Relations approach emphasised the coordination of human and social elements in an organisation through consultation, participation, communication and leadership. However, the equation merely replaced â€Å"rational economic man† with â€Å"emotional social man† and this approach merely shifted the blame for poor performance from structural to personal attitudes and emotions. Both approaches held that there was â€Å"one best way† to manage all organisations. Assess the relevance of Classical Management theorists to the management of contemporary organisations. The modern assembly line pours out finished products faster than Taylor could ever have imagined. This production efficiency is just one legacy of Scientific Management. Its efficiency techniques have been applied to many tasks in non-industrial organisations, ranging from fast-food service to the training of surgeons. However, Taylor’s emphasis on productivity and speed placed undue pressures on employees to perform at faster and faster levels. This led to exploitation and resulted in more workers joining unions. Modern management is still viewed as a process that enables organisations to achieve their objectives by planning, organising and controlling their resources, as advocated by Fayol, but views gaining the commitment of their mployees through motivation as a key element. Hierarchical organisation (introduced by Fayol) has become the dominant, traditional mode of structure in large corporations and civil/public service departments. In some cases this â€Å"mechanistic† model works best, however, the emphasis is on efficiency and control, whereas a greater balance between people and performance is generally considered the more des irable approach nowadays. Although the Classical Management (vertical/hierarchical) approach dominated organisational structure for decades, the Human Relations Movement (horizontal/inter-departmental), encouraging adaptation to external changes, seems the more relevant approach for modern management. Contemporary management builds on the Classical and Behavioural approaches and goes beyond them. The Systems approach of â€Å"different strokes for different folks† finally put the â€Å"one best way† theory to bed and has dominated modern organisational analysis since the 1980s. The Contingency approach views the organisation as an organism, segmenting as it grows, each segment specialising in knowledge and activity, all of which must cope with their external environment and integrate harmoniously. The main difference between Classical and Contemporary approaches is the modern belief that it is futile to search for â€Å"one best way† to manage an organisation. Instead, managers must take into account the internal and external environment to match the appropriate management practices to the surrounding circumstances for an effective outcome.

Seismic Activity essays

Seismic Activity essays California has 200 or more faults capable of producing large earthquakes. Some of the faults are hidden and some visible at the surface. The biggest concentration of faults are in the San Adreas fault zone and the San Jacinto fault zone. Because of Californias large amount of Fault lines the United States Geological Survey, the California division of mines and Geology, the California Institute and other agencies have developed the Southern California Earthquake Center and TriNet Seismic network. This organization monitors the earthquake activity. The seismographs are linked to a computer using a mix of GPS and Landlines . The seismography records are sent to a computer within a few minutes. The information is a available to the public via the Internet. Data at this site is saved to a catalog that are searchable by various parameters. After creating the project using ArcView GIS or Arc View 3D analyst, the next step was to determine the projects objective and scope. Once the data was obtained and converted, maps could be created and analysis performed. The projects objective was to ascertain whether there was a pattern to the earthquakes in Southern California. The area chosen stretches approximately 67 miles by 50 miles. The time frames was 6 months. The SCEC Data center Earthquake and Hypocenter and Phase database was queried for data. Available search parameters were data about magnitudes, start and end date, minimum and maximum depths and Longitude and Latitude. A second site from Cal Tech and the USGS was also used. Time measurements from the SCEC site were converted to Pacific standard time for use with Cal Tech/USGS data. Latittude and longitude measurement in degrees from Cal Tech site were converted to decimal degrees. The highway and street data (from arcview) were used. The highways around the area was selected. Data from the internet was used to determine where ...

Writing an Ecology Essay Here Are Effective Tips #038; a Full Guide

Writing an Ecology Essay Here Are Effective Tips #038; a Full Guide Many people relate the term ‘ecology’ to the environment. While similarities between the two terms are viable to an extent, their scope, mechanisms, and content slightly vary. Ecology concerns the study of organisms in their natural habitat interacting with their surroundings that consist of biotic (living) and abiotic (physical) elements. The term has evolved and is often defined as the study of ecosystems, such as forests, grasslands, ponds, and estuaries, among others. Writing an essay on ecology is a daunting task for many students who are torn between understanding different dynamics that characterize the field of study and understanding components of the ecosystem. The study of ecology comprises processes that link the biotic to the abiotic components. The field of study is important to individuals and the community in general. Its importance explains why instructors at different levels of study require students to submit assignments in different areas of ecology. These assignments help students to explore the topic and appreciate its value. Besides understanding the dynamics of ecology, assignments on the noted field of study help in testing and improving different types of skills. When professors provide students with ecology essays writing tasks, they want the students to find answers to questions such as: What do you know about ecology? Do you understand the basics? How well do you understand the topic and how can you apply the knowledge in practice? Are you able to explore particular concepts in ecology and make inferences? It is important to keep the noted questions in mind when planning and writing ecology essays because they help one understand the instructor’s expectations. Moreover, ensure you have an idea of what to write about before beginning your writing journey. This ecology essay writing guide will provide step-by-step ecology essay writing tips tricks that will help you make up your mind on what to write about and how. How to Choose Suitable Topics for Ecology Essays There is no secret formula for identifying and choosing an appropriate topic in ecology or any other field of study. However, the following key points should be considered when choosing suitable essay topics. Interest and requirements. The chosen essay topic should not only be interesting to you but should also match your understanding of the topic and your ability to explore the topic. In this case, ask yourself, ‘How much do I know about this topic?’ It is important to choose the topic that you are familiar with. Topic reuse. It is possible and appropriate to reuse an ecology topic you have already written an essay on. However, approach it from a different angle to come up with a new and researchable essay topic. Open-mindedness. When choosing a topic, consider every idea that comes to your mind even when it sounds far-fetched. Importantly, look for topic inspiration in ecology articles and books, lecturers, peers, and from analyzing your daily interaction with the environment. Topic analysis. You should figure out whether the chosen topics are broad or narrow. Broad topics do not provide specific information about what needs to be written about. Source availability. Ensure the prospective essay topics have sources from which you can retrieve information that is credible enough to be included in your piece. The given key points should be considered before settling on a particular ecology essay topic. Meanwhile, the following 10 essay sample topics provide an idea of some of the ecology topics that can be explored for an informative essay. Use of Ecovillages as a Solution to Ecosystem Issues; The Role of Solar Energy in Reducing Carbon Footprint; Global Warming and Its Impacts on the Population; The Role of Wolves in Controlling the Population of Wildlife in the Forest; An Analysis of the Leading Endangered Species and the Importance of Protecting Them; The Role of Competition Between Species in Evolution; The Way Biogeochemical Cycling and Energy Transformations Constitute the Ecology Field? What Are the Different Types of Ecology? What Is the Hierarchical Organization of Ecology? Eco-Friendly Packaging. Advantages and Limitations. After deciding on the topic, it is important to understand how you should begin the essay writing process. Therefore, pre-writing tips are a necessity in this guide. Ecology Essay Pre-writing Tips Planning. A perfect ecology essay requires a lot of planning. Besides planning for the essay topic, you should develop an essay timeline to provide you with benchmarks that ensure you stay on schedule in terms of the essay requirements. The timeline ensures proper completion of the essay writing process, adherence to writing requirements, and observance of the ecology essay scope. Brainstorming. After you have selected an essay topic, do not lock yourself into the topic or an essay idea too quickly. Write out some more topics, questions, and associations that may cross your mind. Brainstorming opens your mind to new possibilities and allows you to discard ideas that do not match essay requirements or the ecology area of study. Research. Always conduct some preliminary research on the chosen ecology essay topic to have an idea of what has been written, what gaps need to be filled, and what sources are available. The further research helps you narrow or broaden the ecology essay topic. Research can be conducted online, or in ecology books and public articles. Moreover, researching provides an opportunity to create the essay outline. Outlining. Use an outline to map your essay ideas in a logical manner to ensure the drafting process is smooth and the essay is concise and coherent. Clustering. Idea mapping is an approach that helps you to explore the relationship between ecology concepts and ideas in the chosen ecology essay topic. Exploring the relationship between concepts and ideas can be done in a step-by-step process that involves: writing the subject of the essay in the center of a page and underlining it, linking new ideas as they come up during brainstorming to the central circle with connection lines, relating new ideas to the existing and added concepts. The outcome of the clustering process will appear as a web on a page. The web will help you in determining the relationship between ideas so that you can understand the possible directions your essay is likely to take. Once the clustering is done, take some time off (maybe an hour or a day) before creating the essay’s draft. Stepping away enhances your objectivity once you begin the writing process. Ecology Essay Title and Thesis Statement Coming up with an appropriate essay topic is an integral part of the essay writing process and creating an effective ecology essay title that is equally important. Crafting an effective title can be the most difficult part of your ecology essay despite having a good topic. A catchy title is important in numerous ways because it makes your essay stand out from your peers’ works and provides your audience with a perspective of the essay and a sense of its content. To craft a strong, effective, and standard title, you should focus on the hook, the key terms, and the sources you intend to use to write your essay. Crafting a title hook. In academic essays, most titles have the same basic structure. However, the title in your ecology essay should have a catchy phrase that draws the reader to the essay and provides information about what the essay will focus on. In the ecology essay, the hook can be a collection of keywords or a quote as opposed to an image. Key terms. The ecology essay title should have two or more phrases or crucial words that apply to the essay topic and give the reader an angle of your essay and a sense of the content. The key terms should function as a summary of the essay in less than ten words. Moreover, the keywords should not be too general and non-specific. For instance, when you choose the topic, ‘Does Biogeochemical Cycling and Energy Transformations Constitute the Ecology Field?’ the key terms are ‘biogeochemical cycling,’ ‘ecology field,’ and ‘energy transformations.’ In this case, the title could be, ‘The Role of Biogeochemical Cycling and Energy Transformations in the Ecology Field.’ Cite the source. The final aspect of crafting an essay title entails including a source or location where possible. The source informs the reader of the essays setting or the contents location. However, the inclusion of a location setting and its importance varies depending on the topic because some topics do not require a specific context. Depending on the chosen ecology essay topic, the source may be the population or the geographic location. For example, the topic ‘Eco-Friendly Packaging: Advantages and Limitations’ could be crafted to include a source or location, such as the UK or the US. Consequently, the title could read, ‘The Advantages and Limitations of Eco-Friendly Packaging in the UK.’ Ecology Essay Outline the Skeleton of Your Project! Interpretive, analytical, and persuasive ecology essays tend to follow a similar basic outline. An effective outline for your ecology essay has three essential parts, namely the introduction, the body, and the conclusion. Introduction. The introduction should contain a sentence that grabs the reader’s attention. It should provide a concise summary of what the essay will discuss, an outline of its content, and a one-sentence thesis statement. A thesis statement presents the essay’s main argument and makes a claim that readers or other essay writers may dispute. Body. The body of the essay is the main part of the write up as it presents the essay’s main arguments and ideas along with supporting evidence. An outline for the body paragraphs should appear as indicated below. First main idea: a. Supporting evidence for the first idea b. Supporting evidence for the first idea c. Supporting evidence for the first idea Second main idea: a. Supporting evidence for the second main idea b. Supporting evidence for the second main idea c. Supporting evidence for the second main idea Third main idea: a. Supporting evidence for the third main idea b. Supporting evidence for the third main idea c. Supporting evidence for the third main idea Conclusion. The last part of the ecology essay should restate your thesis statement, sum up the essay, and provide an action plan where possible. Post-Writing Tips: Tricks Our Top Writers Use The writing process of your ecology essay should not end after typing the last full stop no matter how accurate you may perceive your writing abilities. Once the final draft has been written, check your piece for typing errors, spelling and grammar mistakes, look through your referencing – these activities of the post-writing stage are as important as planning, choosing a topic, and writing the essay. The post-writing tips are common to all types of essays form the next, and last part of this guide. Proofreading. The most important aspect entails checking your essay for grammar, typing, sentence structure, and content errors. It is recommended that you engage in proofreading after the writing process to ensure that you concentrate on creating a logical and coherent text. However, it does not mean that you need to proofread immediately after the writing process unless you have limited time. Take one or two hours a day before proofreading to enhance your objectivity. In this case, subdivide the proofreading into several sessions that focus on different aspects. Firstly, review the ecology essay for spelling and grammar mistakes and edit it accordingly. Secondly, evaluate the essay for content meaning, coherence, and logical flow of ideas and supporting evidence. Checking for plagiarism. If you fail to take note of where you read information quoted in the essay, it is likely that you will forget the book, journal, or article or even the page number the content was obtained from. Consequently, you may end up attributing content to someone else or not acknowledging the source entirely. This amounts to plagiarism and translates into taking credit for another authors work. When writing the essay, take note of the sources from which you acquire content, quote appropriately, and cite as required. Once you are done with proofreading for spelling and content, go through the essay once again to ensure that the information is cited appropriately. This guide on how to write an ecology essay contains all the necessary information to write an ecology essay on whatever topic you choose. Use it to maximize your ability to produce stellar ecology essays.